Java if-else statement
The "if-else" statement in Java is used to control the flow of execution of a program based on a certain condition. The basic idea behind the "if-else" statement is to execute a certain block of code only if a particular condition is met.
Java if statement
The "if" statement in Java is a control flow statement that allows you to execute a block of code conditionally based on the result of a Boolean expression. Syntax:
if (expression) {
// Run this part if the expression is true
}
The expression is a boolean expression that returns either true or false. If the expression evaluates to true, the code inside the set of curly braces {...} will be executed, and if it evaluates to false, the code inside the curly braces will be skipped.
Example:
public class TestClass {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int totalMarks=55;
if(totalMarks>50){
System.out.print("You have passed the exam !!");
}
}
}
//Output: You have passed the exam !!
Java if-else statement
The "if-else" statement in Java is an extension of the "if" statement that allows you to specify an alternate block of code to be executed if the expression is false. Syntax:
if (expression) {
// Run this part if the expression is true
} else {
// Run this part if the expression is false
}
The expression is a boolean expression that returns either true or false. If the expression evaluates to true, the code inside the first set of curly braces {...} will be executed, and if it evaluates to false, the code inside the second set of curly braces {...} will be executed.
Example:
public class TestClass {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int totalMarks=48;
if(totalMarks>50){
System.out.print("You have passed the exam !!");
}
else {
System.out.print("You have failed the exam !!");
}
}
}
//Output: You have failed the exam !!
Multiple if-else statements in Java
You can also chain multiple if-else statements together to handle multiple conditions: Syntax:
if (expression1) {
// Run this part if expression1 is true
} else if (expression2) {
// Run this part if expression1 is false and expression2 is true
} else if (expression3) {
// Run this part if expression1 and expression2 are false and expression3 is true
} else {
// Run this part if expression1, expression2 and expression3 are false
}
In the above case, only the first expression that evaluates to true will have its corresponding code block executed, and all subsequent expressions and code blocks will be skipped.
Example:
public class TestClass {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int totalMarks=64;
if(totalMarks>=80){
System.out.print("Got Higher First Class");
}
else if (totalMarks>=60 && totalMarks < 80 ){
System.out.print("Got First Class");
}
else if (totalMarks>=40 && totalMarks < 60){
System.out.print("Just pass only");
}
else {
System.out.print("You have failed the exam !!");
}
}
}
//Output: Got First Class
Nested if-else statement in Java
A "nested if" statement in Java is an " if" statement that is contained within another "if" statement. The basic idea behind a nested "if" statement is to test multiple conditions in a single control flow statement. Syntax:
if (expression1) {
// Run this part if expression1 is true
if (expression2) {
// Run this part if expression2 is true
}
}
In the above example, the first "if" statement tests the condition represented by expression1. If expression1 evaluates to true, the code inside the first set of curly braces {...} will be executed. Within this code block, there is another "if" statement that tests the condition represented by expression2. If expression2 also evaluates to true, the code inside the second set of curly braces will be executed.
Example:
public class TestClass {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int totalMarks=64;
if (totalMarks >= 80) {
System.out.print("Got Higher First Class");
} else {
if (totalMarks >= 60 && totalMarks < 80) {
System.out.print("Got First Class");
} else {
if (totalMarks >= 40 && totalMarks < 60) {
System.out.print("Just pass only");
} else {
System.out.print("You have failed the exam !!");
}
}
}
}
}
//Output: Got First Class
Nested "if" statements can be useful when you need to test multiple conditions in a single control flow statement. For example, you might use a nested "if" statement to check if a variable is within a certain range and take different actions based on whether the variable is greater than, less than, or equal to a certain value.
Common uses of the "if-else" statement in Java
- Conditional execution: The most common use of the "if-else" statement is to conditionally execute a block of code based on the result of a Boolean expression. For example, you might want to execute a block of code that performs a calculation only if a certain variable has a specific value.
- Decision making: The "if-else" statement can also be used to make decisions in your code based on different conditions. For example, you might use an "if-else" statement to determine which of two different actions to take based on the value of a variable.
- Error checking: The "if-else" statement can also be used to check for errors or invalid inputs in your code. For example, you might use an "if-else" statement to validate user input and display an error message if the input is not valid.
- Multiple branches: The "if-else" statement can also be used to handle multiple branches of execution based on different conditions. For example, you might use multiple "if-else" statements to handle different cases in a switch statement.
Alternative of if statement in Java
There are alternatives to the "if" statement in Java that can be used to control the flow of execution of a program based on certain conditions. Following are some of the most common alternatives:Switch statement:
The "switch" statement is an alternative to the "if-else" statement that allows you to execute different blocks of code based on the value of a single expression. The "switch" statement is often used when you need to handle multiple cases for the same expression. For example, you might use a "switch" statement to handle different menu options in a program.Ternary operator:
The ternary operator is a compact alternative to the "if-else" statement that allows you to write simple conditional expressions in a single line of code. The ternary operator takes the form expression1 ? expression2 : expression3, where expression1 is the condition, expression2 is the value to be returned if the condition is true, and expression3 is the value to be returned if the condition is false.Conditional operator:
The conditional operator is another alternative to the "if-else" statement that allows you to write simple conditional expressions in a single line of code. The conditional operator takes the form expression1 ?: expression2, where expression1 is the condition and expression2 is the value to be returned if the condition is false.These alternatives can provide a more concise, efficient, and readable way to control the flow of execution in your program, depending on the specific requirements of your code. It's important to choose the right alternative for your use case based on the desired behavior, performance, and readability of your code.
Summary:
The correct syntax and indentation when using nested "if" statements, as well as to choose appropriate expressions that evaluate to true or false in order to produce the desired behavior in your code. Additionally, it's a good idea to be mindful of the complexity and readability of your code, as nested "if" statements can quickly become difficult to understand if they are not well organized and properly indented.
Related Topics